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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | runaŋam | om runaŋ |
| 2SG: | runaŋat | ot runaŋ |
| 3SG: | runaŋeš | ok/ogeš runaŋ |
| 1PL: | runaŋə̑na | ona/ogə̑na runaŋ |
| 2PL: | runaŋə̑da | oda/ogə̑da runaŋ |
| 3PL: | runaŋə̑t | ogə̑t runaŋ |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | runaŋə̑m | šə̑m runaŋ |
| 2SG: | runaŋə̑č́ | šə̑č́ runaŋ |
| 3SG: | runaŋe | ə̑š runaŋ |
| 1PL: | runaŋna | ə̑šna runaŋ |
| 2PL: | runaŋda | ə̑šda runaŋ |
| 3PL: | runaŋə̑č́ | ə̑št runaŋ |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | runaŋə̑nam | runaŋə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | runaŋə̑nat | runaŋə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | runaŋə̑n | runaŋə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | runaŋə̑nna | runaŋə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | runaŋə̑nda | runaŋə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | runaŋə̑nə̑t | runaŋə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | runaŋam ə̑l'e | om runaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | runaŋat ə̑l'e | ot runaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | runaŋeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš runaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | runaŋə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na runaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | runaŋə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da runaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | runaŋə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t runaŋ ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | runaŋam ulmaš | om runaŋ ulmaš |
| 2SG: | runaŋat ulmaš | ot runaŋ ulmaš |
| 3SG: | runaŋeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš runaŋ ulmaš |
| 1PL: | runaŋə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na runaŋ ulmaš |
| 2PL: | runaŋə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da runaŋ ulmaš |
| 3PL: | runaŋə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t runaŋ ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | runaŋə̑nam ə̑l'e | runaŋə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | runaŋə̑nat ə̑l'e | runaŋə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | runaŋə̑n ə̑l'e | runaŋə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | runaŋə̑nna ə̑l'e | runaŋə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | runaŋə̑nda ə̑l'e | runaŋə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | runaŋə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | runaŋə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | runaŋə̑nam ulmaš | runaŋə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | runaŋə̑nat ulmaš | runaŋə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | runaŋə̑n ulmaš | runaŋə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | runaŋə̑nna ulmaš | runaŋə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | runaŋə̑nda ulmaš | runaŋə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | runaŋə̑nə̑t ulmaš | runaŋə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | runaŋ | it runaŋ |
| 3SG: | runaŋže | ə̑nže runaŋ |
| 1PL: | (runaŋə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na runaŋ) |
| 2PL: | runaŋza | ida runaŋ |
| 3PL: | runaŋə̑št | ə̑nə̑št runaŋ |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | runaŋnem | ə̑nem runaŋ |
| 2SG: | runaŋnet | ə̑net runaŋ |
| 3SG: | runaŋneže | ə̑než runaŋ |
| 1PL: | runaŋnena | ə̑nena runaŋ |
| 2PL: | runaŋneda | ə̑neda runaŋ |
| 3PL: | runaŋnešt | ə̑nešt runaŋ |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | runaŋnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem runaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | runaŋnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net runaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | runaŋneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než runaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | runaŋnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena runaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | runaŋneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda runaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | runaŋnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt runaŋ ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | runaŋnet ulmaš | ə̑net runaŋ ulmaš |
| 3SG: | runaŋneže ulmaš | ə̑než runaŋ ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | runaŋneda ulmaš | ə̑neda runaŋ ulmaš |
| 3PL: | runaŋnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt runaŋ ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | runaŋaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | runaŋman |
| Active participle: | runaŋše |
| Passive participle: | runaŋme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | runaŋšaš |
| Negative participle: | runaŋdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | runaŋə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | runaŋde |
| Gerund of prior action: | runaŋmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | runaŋmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | runaŋšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | runaŋmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | runaŋdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||